70 years ago, San Francisco became the cradle of a global change, where representatives of 50 countries gathered to develop and sign the Charter of the United Nations, pledging to work together to achieve peace, prosperity and respect for human rights. The status of the official languages of the United Nations are Arabic, Chinese, English, French and Russian, and the organization provides a platform where representatives of each country can express their views. The idea is that the UN should be a mechanism by which governments of different countries find common ground and work together to solve problems. However, experts believe that from the state where the UN Charter was signed 70 years ago, the threat of destruction is coming.
Member of the Public Chamber Sergey Markov believes that there is a need to transform the United Nations gradually: "The United States would like to see the United Nations becoming an obedient executor of their will, like the Soviet front of the Parliament of the Central Committee of the CPSU. If they fail, the United States would like to marginalize the United Nations, so that it does not interfere with them in conducting their policy in a global world and doing anything that they want. Russia and the whole world is facing these threats, because the United Nations can become an appendage of the US State Department, or may be marginalized and left by the wayside, or the United States can create an alternative organization in which they will dominate. The United States poses a threat to the existence of the United Nations, because it wants to dominate, and the United Nations, as an instrument where countries have the right to vote, does not fit into that framework."
According to Markov, Russia has its own vision of the UN reform, which is based on the principles for a global world that Russia is proposing: "First of all, we are for a multipolar world, so we stand for the preservation of the right of veto of the permanent members of the Security Council. But the US and Britain are trying to eliminate the right of veto, so as to eliminate the multi-polar world. We stand for the United Nations, where the sovereign states and their political system are represented in the most vivid form."
There are five permanent Security Council members – China, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States and France, and ten non-permanent members, which are elected for a term of two years. Now they are Angola (2016), Venezuela (2016), Jordan (2015), Spain (2016), Lithuania (2015), Malaysia (2016), Nigeria (2015), New Zealand (2016), Chad (2015) and Chile ( 2015).
Moreover, as Markov said, Moscow is standing for a retention of international law, so that no military operations can be performed without the approval of the Security Council.
The principal organs of the United Nations are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and the UN Secretariat. All of them were created in 1945, when the United Nations was founded. However, within the organization there are also specialized agencies that deal with specific issues: the IAEA, the Agency for Refugees ...
Regarding the reform of the Security Council, according to Markov, Russia must contribute to its expansion, ‘’So it ca be extended with such members as India, Brazil, Germany and possibly some large Arab Muslim country such as Egypt. At the same time, we stand for the veto right to be maintained for those five countries that are permanent now, and the new permanent members of the Security Council would not have the right of veto."
Regarding the reform of the agencies, according to Markov, a clear vision of their work is needed, but their activities are based on a conceptual vision of the way the global problems should be solved. "Here Russia has not clearly formulated its position. To understand the way the United Nations must develop, we need to have a clearer understanding of the problems of the global world. So to speak, the Russian version of globalization of the world. And on this basis to develop a more detailed concept of UN reform," Markov supposes.
